Thomas Robert Malthus Essays - 565 Words

Malthus Thomas Robert Malthus was a well-known economist as well as a clergyman. He was born on February 13th, 1766, in Surrey, England, and was the sixth of seven children. Malthus attended Cambridge in 1784 and graduated four years later with honors in mathematics. In 1789, Malthus became a deacon in the Church of England and curate of Okewood Chapel in Surrey. In 1798, he anonymously published his renowned work An Essay on the Principle of Population as it affects the Future Improvement of Society, with Remarks on the Speculations of Mr. Godwin, M. Condorcet, and other Writers. In 1803, Malthus published a second, much enlarged edition of the population essay. A year later, Malthus married Harriet Eckersall. In 1821,†¦show more content†¦Malthus was an economic pessimist to those who disagreed with him and a realist to his followers. He viewed poverty as something that was inevitable because, If the only check to population is misery, the result of any improvement is ult imately to enable a larger population than before to live in misery, so that resource-improvement actually increases the sum of misery and that betterment of the lot of mankind is impossible without stern limits on reproduction. This means that there is overpopulation, and the natural check of misery (poverty) is coming into effect in order to balance out overpopulation. However, by trying to help poverty, we are (according to Malthus) making the situation worse. In the short run, there seems to be an improvement because those poor people are better off and can do well. This situation would lead to a larger population than before, and therefore would lead to a greater number of people becoming impoverished. He therefore shunned charities and proposed that by leaving poverty alone, and by moral restraint and vice (contraception and population control); the situation would take care of itself. If the only check to population is misery, the population will grow until it is miserable enough to check its growth. In the last two hundred years, Malthus Essay has sparked controversy and made people aware of population growth. In every generation, there have been Malthusians who caused panic among people. AndShow MoreRelated Thomas Robert Malthus Essay1907 Words   |  8 PagesThomas Robert Malthus Thomas Robert Malthus is one of the most controversial figures in the history of economics. He achieved fame chiefly from the population doctrine that is now closely linked with his name. Contrary to the late-eighteenth-century views that it was possible to improve people’s living standards, Malthus held that any such improvements would cause the population to grow and thereby reverse these gains. Malthus also sparked controversy with his contemporaries on issues of methodologyRead MoreReverend Thomas, Robert Malthus969 Words   |  4 PagesReverend Thomas, Robert Malthus (b. February 13 or 14, 1766; d. December, 1834) Overview Reverend Thomas, Robert Malthus was a political/classical economist born in the late 1760’s. He studied at several different schools in the areas of mathematics, literature, and arts. Malthus was married in the early 1800’s and had three children. Malthus is most famous for his theories on population growth and how he proposed we go about controlling it. He later died in the 1830’s at the age of 68. ChildhoodRead MoreAnalysis Of Robert Malthus s Old Impact On The Thinking, And Scientists1250 Words   |  5 PagesCaleb Kesinger FYE: Social Science Robert Dean 10/31/16 Malthusianism was a movement that was begun by Robert Malthus in 1789 that had a big impact on the thinking, and teachings of many great geologists, and scientists. All of the men in this paper believe in this idea that population growth is going to grow faster than the growth of food, but they all have different solutions, and thoughts on the matter. Some believe that population is so out of control that we must contain it, and even findRead MoreOverpopulation a Problem?1464 Words   |  6 Pagesnot have on the present as well as the future. The two articles that I have chosen to analyze are Overpopulation Is a Serious Problem written by Thomas Robert Malthus, and Overpopulation Is a Myth by Frederick Engels. The titles of the articles are pretty self explanatory on the side that they take on this issue. To begin with, Thomas Malthus wrote one of the most famous works on population, An Essay on the Principle of Population. He is a man who sticks to his values, and does what he preachesRead MoreEssay on Thomas Malthus Section Summary1436 Words   |  6 PagesThomas Malthus Section Summary Malthus’ work, Essay on the Principle of Population, is often cited, first by Darwin himself, to have influenced Darwin’s conception of the theory of natural selection. His work, though unpopular, and often proven to be off the mark, did in fact bring to the forefront many socio-economic issues that are still being debated today: population control, food production and concerns over uncontrollable diseases arising from the effects of over-population. In this passageRead MoreHuman Overpopulation1505 Words   |  7 Pageseffects of both the environment and its inhabitants. The idea of human overpopulation being a problem most clearly begins around the time of Thomas Robert Malthus’ publishing of An Essay on the Principle of Population as It Affects the Future Improvement of Society, with Remarks on the Speculations of Mr. Godwin, M. Condorcet, and Other Writers. In his writing, Malthus describes how the growth of the human population will always outgrow the res ources required to maintain it. â€Å"The increase of populationRead MoreEssay on Thomas Malthus and the Principle of Population1503 Words   |  7 Pages1. Introduction This essay deals with Thomas Malthus and the first two chapters of his â€Å"Essay on the Principle of Population†. At first I will provide a short biographical note on Malthus and I will also mention his main achievements. Then, a summary of Malthus main ideas of the first two chapters of mentioned work follows. Afterward, the essay concludes with a personal note. 2. A short biography Thomas Robert Malthus was born in 1766 (course textbook, n. d.) in Surrey, England, as the sixthRead More The Era of Social Reform Essay1562 Words   |  7 PagesCharles â€Å"Turnip† Townshend introduced crop rotations that restored nutrients to the soil, allowing for greater yield and scientific breeding to improve the quality of herds. The result was an increase in productivity with fewer agricultural workers (Robert Edgar Pg.535). This caused more people to leave the farms to work in the factories. Also, the introduction of new machinery that produced greater amount of output made many workers redundant. As a result, many people that lived in farms journeyedRead More overpopulation a problem? Essay1438 Words   |  6 Pagesthe present as well as the future. The two articles that I have chosen to analyze are â€Å"Overpopulation Is a Serious Problem† written by Thomas Robert Malthus, and â€Å"Overpopulation Is a Myth† by Frederick Engels. The titles of the articles are pretty self explanatory on the side that they take on this issue. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;To begin with, Thomas Malthus wrote one of the most famous works on population, An Essay on the Principle of Population. He is a man who sticks to his values, and doesRead MoreWhat Is The Cyclical Relationship Between Production And Reproduction?854 Words   |  4 PagesMalthusian Theory? Thomas Robert Malthus wrote ‘An Essay on the Principle of Population’ to outline his theory of population growth. Malthus believed if the population continued to expand, the production of food would not be capable of sustaining the human population and would cause considerable famine that would wipe out many people. Malthus argued the population itself was in danger of getting too large to be supported by a given environment or its carrying capacity. Malthus argued that this catastrophic

Ethics And Morals Are Two Congruous Ideas - 1846 Words

Ethics and morals are two congruous ideas. However, their fundamental difference lies in the fine detail: ethics refers to the relative social acceptability of actions or beliefs as dictated by social systems or professions. Morals exist internally as abstract tenets without exterior influence. In Regeneration, both are strongly represented. The character of Dr Rivers is the principal embodiment of the constant battle between duty and integrity. His central dilemma, to regenerate men but send them back to France where they will die, causes Rivers to repeatedly self-evaluate, particularly after the arrival of the maverick Sassoon who has, Rivers claims, a very powerful anti-war neurosis . Barker s Regeneration invites us to consider†¦show more content†¦Rivers observes that loyalty to duty results in deterioration: Graves irrational hatred of sweet scents. However, Sassoon is more proactive; Graves considers Sassoon would destroy himself, for no reason to Rivers, alludin g to the Declaration. Rivers infers from Graves testament that the headstrong Sassoon does not see its implications. Graves may desire reform like Sassoon, but is unwilling to incur its consequences; his self-preserving egotism makes him less radical for the greater good. Superficially, the conflict of interests between [doing] the job and one s morals appears palpable in Regeneration; Graves and Sassoon embody each extreme. However, Rivers critically assesses Graves views as an artificial distinction , believing no actual difference exists between them. Graves believes the war is not being fought for moral reasons - though not as strongly as Sassoon - whilst Sassoon s moral duty is to be amongst his men on the battlefield. The latter articulates this through self-deprecatory language in the criminal and psychological semantic fields, viewing Craiglockhart as a prison for lunatics and, on the steps of Craiglockhart, identifying it as a gloomy, cavernous bulk . Rivers implies that this conflict is a grey area. Rivers aforementioned dilemma interferes with his duty, setting it against his humanity. His being fussy about the methods pertains to innovative Freudian psychotherapy.

Essay about The Effects of Music - 2207 Words

Music is one of the few things that has remained constant through the centuries this world has existed. Not only does music provide entertainment, it also has several effects linked to it. Music allows emotions of happiness and sadness to arise. From those emotions, physical effects, negative or positive, can occur. Music has a profound effect on the emotional, social, intellectual, and physical aspects of a person. Emotions are easily affected by outside forces. Music can provoke emotions of sadness, grief, joy, and even ecstasy. There are several different aspects of music that change how a song is interpreted. From these interpretations come emotions. Among them is the tempo, which is the speed of the song. If a song is sad, the tempo†¦show more content†¦An event that occurred in the past could be associated with the music because it was played during that event, the lyrics relate, or a different connection is made. The personality of a person could also change the effects of the music (Vaidya 1). The life that is lived determines the personality traits one might have. One person might enjoy rock music, while another enjoys classical. Since everyone lives a different life, the genres of music listened to are obviously not the same. Rock music could be relaxing to the person who grew up listening solely to rock while another might find rock irritating and relaxes to classical music. Although one can relax to rock music, studies have shown that classical music has more positive effects than any other genre (O’Donnell 1). Because music has such a strong hold on human emotions, music therapy was eventually introduced. The area of science that deals with the physical effects of music is called music therapy. Music therapy is, â€Å"the clinical and evidence-based use of music interventions to accomplish individualized goals within a therapeutic relationship by a credentialed professional who has completed an approved music therapy program† (AMTAc par. 1). The American Music Therapy Association writes that music therapy intervention can help explore feelings and self-esteem, make positive emotional changes, help with communication, improve problem solving skills, social interaction, and bring about positiveShow MoreRelatedMusic And Effect Of Music1322 Words   |  6 Pagesinvestigating state anxiety of college students who listened to music prior to an exam, and his findings suggests a significant reduction in state anxiety levels of these students (as cited in Davis and Thaut,1989). This study h owever focuses on the use of preferred music rather than pre-chosen music, which indicates that the music could have been from any genre. This is contrary to other studies which found that sedative background music specifically is what tended to reduce state anxiety (Davis andRead MoreMusic And Its Effect On Music1490 Words   |  6 PagesMusic Itself Does Not Distract You Music is prevalent, so that it is extremely easy to find a place or situation with music played on. Not only does people enjoy music when they dance or sing, throw parties, but also they enjoy music when they drive, study or work. In other words, people live with music and music is an everyday thing. They, contrarily, think that the pieces of music are distractors when they need to concentrate on their works. This is why, especially, most of parents and teachersRead MoreMusic And Its Effects On Music1871 Words   |  8 Pagesworking, cleaning, showering, exercising, dancing among many other things while listening to music. Music can be calming. Music can be uplifting. Music is universal. Music is a commonly discussed topic. But it is mainly discussed whether or not it is appropriate to use in an educational environment. Music is seen as a distraction. Some see it as an efficient medium to appease the mind. It is theorized that music creates out of the box ideas to life and improve critical thinking. Albert Einstein onceRead MoreThe Effect Of Music On Music726 Words   |  3 Pagesto need to make a choice on the music. You can either hire a band to play live at your event, or employ a DJ to MC the festivities. Here are [] benefits explaining why you should consider using a DJ to spin your wedding tunes. Convenience Factor Setting up a live band and their sound system is a complex ordeal. There is usually some type of stage assembly, plus you’re going to need to fill the time gaps when a band needs a break. When you elect to have live music for your wedding reception, youRead MoreThe Effects Of Music On The Music Industry1500 Words   |  6 Pagesago it would’ve been unrealistic for artists to believe they could survive in the music industry without a record deal. Thankfully, that has changed and it’s now easier than ever to create and distribute music without a major record label. But there still isn’t a free-for-all market where the music maker can be as free as they want, and maybe not as easy as it should be to reach out to an audience. The fact that music often is received differently in our society depending on the genre, is somethingRead MoreThe Effects Of Music On Music Education1002 Words   |  5 Pageschildren wanting to play outside instead of practice violin music is proven to make you smarter. When a child particularly at a young age learns how to play an instrument preferably in a social setting is provides the brain of that child with extra dopamine, new neurological connections, better behavior, and higher test scores. Schools are turning to new programs to aid music education and there are many reasons to support their decision. Music has been proven over many studies to show a connection toRead MoreThe Effects Of Reggae Music On The Music1216 Words   |  5 PagesThere are many people who do not know about reggae music. I was one of those people who did not know the existence of the reggae music until I met this one beautiful girl. Julie, my beloved beautiful future wife, introduced me the reggae music. My first thought of this music was boring. After a while the more time I spent with her made me fall in love with the reggae music too. The love of the music gave me the curiosity of the music and why reggae music helped me with to relax and gave comfort as I listenRead MoreThe Effects Of Music On The Music Essay1988 Words   |  8 PagesThroughout the years, music has inspired people. Music touches our heart, makes us cry, makes us laugh, and heals relationships-even love someone. It encourages us to move-we can march, dance, tap our foot, snap our fingers and sway back and forth. Music fills our minds with memories that can bring a smile or drive us into a deep sadness. Patriotism is displayed when people come together because of a piece of music. Brotherhoods united when the school fight school is played. It creates a bondRead MoreThe Effects Of Classical Music On Music931 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is defined as â€Å"good† or â€Å"real† music? How does an individual come to define that? Many would say that classical music is â€Å"real† music since it is the basis of music that is created today and it has lasted through time. It is still heard today, one of the first types of music to last. Others may strongly disagree; even though it has stood the test of time what actually makes this the sole definition of â€Å"good† music? It doesn’t, there really is not a true universal definition. There are multipleRead MoreThe Effects Of Music On The Music Industry1496 Words   |  6 PagesBefore sound recording were possible, music was enjoyed li ve by watching the performers performing on their instruments in front of you. When sound recording became possible, the way we enjoy music was not limited to watching the performers anymore. By looking at the development of sound reproduction and the devices that are capable of sound playback, we are able to take a look at look on how the production and consumption of music have been affected over the years in terms of portability, affordability

UNV 504 Topic 4 Final - 1630 Words

College of Business Pillars Edgar Martinez Grand Canyon University Introduction to Graduate Studies in the College of Business Tanya Roundtree May 13, 2015 As one of the top-rated, premier business schools available in the United States, within the southwest region, you will find the ACBSP accredited Grand Canyon University (GCU) nestled within the Arizonan desert in Phoenix. Their mission statement incorporates; Challenge which inspires its thousands of students to be better servant leaders with cutting-edge business skills and values that are vital to driving organizational success and to have a positive impact within society. The University offers quality education through its academic excellence and relevant†¦show more content†¦Alongside the entrepreneur spirit, Innovation is the process of taking new ideas and implementing them into the market. Key word being â€Å"new†, an innovation can be sometimes viewed as the application to better solutions that meet new demand-requirements, inarticulated needs or existing market needs. Innovative ideas range from: goods, services, products, processes, services, technolo gies or ideas that create value for which customers will pay for. For an idea to be an innovation, it must be replicable at an economical cost and must satisfy a specific need. This means is that one must be ready and willing put their new idea to the test. On the other hand, there is recognition that â€Å"innovation is also critical to cultural, environmental, social, and artistic progress as well† (Bullinger, 2006). With this stated, high-tech innovation is ultimately the reason why we can be thankful for the many new conveniences of the 21st century. Although we might see the forefront of innovation being very prominent in today’s world, innovation is truly nothing new. From the start of modern man times, innovative ideas have paved the way for civilization to advance and develop into what we are today and at the same time, we have barely begin to chip away at the tip of the iceberg of our true human potential. Some scholars believe that innovation is a

The World of Business Free Essays

string(63) " is more strong that the firms within an institutional sector\." The world of business today requires that companies place their performance on an operation aspect so that all channels may perform to their best and lead to productive interdependence within the organization. The human resource management portfolio is of great importance to each firm because it guides its decisions and how it functions within them. When the firm employs good Human Resource Manager, there are high chances of performance in productivity, costs and quality of products and overall efficiency. We will write a custom essay sample on The World of Business or any similar topic only for you Order Now Hence, a firm should adopt the quality HRM to enjoy its benefits as well as have an advantage in solving any risks that may have come up before. Its HRM pedagogies will eventually provide a platform, through which it attracts, retains and trains its existing assets with the highest value. On the other hand, without human contribution, there would be no appreciated management. In this precept, for good performance of any organization, it requires motivation, engagement, and satisfaction of the human aspect to operate efficiently and smoothly. Job satisfaction is consequently determined so that customer satisfaction may also be measured. This is because employee dissatisfaction in their job may lead to the provision of inadequate services, which may eventually lead to customer dissatisfaction as well. Hence, it is the responsibility of the human resource as a labor-intensive industry to sensitize on the delivery of excellent services to clients so that maximum customer satisfaction may be achieved as a result. When managing any project, a well stipulated project goals and objective must be outlined by the HRM. The manager should keenly look at how the objectives will be realized and outlining how the resources needed to achieve the goals. He plays a very important role is implementing good plans for the project alongside taking risks that ensures the project does well. A good manager identifies all the competing demands from various stakeholders and ensuring that a commonality of purpose is realized. He is an instrumental person in an organization because he schedules the entire plan, he encourages teamwork, maximizes available resources, manages change and good quality of output. He is also responsible for evaluating the progress and the performance of an organization. Therefore, the presence of human resource is very essential within any organization.A good manager brings high performance to an organization. Good performance is the ultimate measure of a well doing organization. The manager must be empowered to take appropriate decisions that contribute to the well being of the organization. He uses the authority and the power bestowed upon him to make decision on how to allocate available resources. He does the same on administration, communication, technological choices and any other matter that pertain the project that may need his attention. In so doing, there will be high performance in within the set up. High performance on the other hand makes the clients have the intrinsic drive to attain their services from the firm. Most of the client will bestow their trust on the services provided because of good leadership. It also makes the company have good relationship working relationship with other neighboring organizations and with the workers themselves. Because of the competition in today`s market, current organizations need good management without which they are subjected to failure. In this plinth, the purpose of this assignment is to securitize the appropriate pedagogical approaches that the resource manager can employ within the organization to improve on the organizational output. Good performance of the organization depend on various aspects like motivation, job security, compensation, good working environment, advancement in line of duties among many other factors. 2.0 Discussion Definitions of Performance Management and High Performance Work According to Martha Lagace (2009), companies that record high performance are actually led by their original founder members or by their transformational. In this case, they are people who can be responsible of any crisis that occurs in the company and attend to it appropriately. They are able to achieve high standards of commitments from all the stakeholders within the organization. In so doing, the firms retains the clients for a very long period of time, the employees are care for well because they have good working environment, and investors are attracted to venture into the firm because of good production. This illustration is supported by Michael Beer, the Cahners-Rabb Professor in the School of Business Administration, Emertus by saying that such firms attain excellence for long period of time. Companies with good performance output have positive contribution to the customers the employees, investors and the community at large. They also grow by outlining their idiosyncratic capabilities in order to make them move into wider markets to attain products and services and geographical locations for their firms. According to Gong, Law, Chang and Xin (2009), high performance work system represents a detailed, incorporated and systematic approach where the human resource manager works tirelessly to ensure that all the set goals and objectives are met. He ensures that he utilizes the resources, manpower, and any other available material to meet the satisfaction of the firm. In this dictum, evaluation of high performance of work is extensively examined because it their outermost priority. According to the definition, the employees are very instrumental in realizing the set objective of the firm. They are treated with a lot of dignity and decorum because they solicit all ways possible to ensure that there is maximization of profit within the firm. Any institutional factor or environment as a context that may affect or influence high performance of the firm is looked into with a lot of keenness. The firms also provide good geographical location, which are at central places to be accessed by the clients most of the time. An example of a case study in Chinese gives empirical results that firm with HPWS connection is mediated by the adaptive aptitude. Also, the effect of high performance work system on firms with adaptive capability is more strong that the firms within an institutional sector. You read "The World of Business" in category "Papers" Therefore, the location of the firm matters a lot as far as high performance is concerned. A similar description is explained by The Management of Engineering and Technology (2002), a methodical approach used by organization to attain high production standards. Through the process, the company aims at achieving effective operational skills, innovation, and high quality results for their customers. They work tirelessly to ensure that the clients get the best goods and services and they are retrained most of the time. In this case, there are five organizational practices that are keenly looked into to ensure that the high performance is realized. The first one being good leadership, empowerment of the employees, pioneering in human resource management, good measuring of performance and ensuring employees have good knowledge in whatever thing they are doing. In this regard, the firm is assured of attaining high performance since the clients will be served with high quality of products and services all the time. 3.0 Performance Management Conceptual Framework Most of the managers think that filling report is the most important aspect in attaining good performance. However much this might be necessary, attaining high performance entails a lot. All too often, performance management if not looked into, sometimes become the weakest link within the chain of management, therefore, the managers should put a lot of considerations into it. The figure below shows some of the important aspect that the managers of organizations should look into to ensure high performance is realized. From the framework, a lot of derivations can be madePerformance management system depend on the factors like evaluating performance standards, measuring performance of the employees, reporting the progress to the topmost leadership and improving the quality of the products. 3.1 Goal Setting Theory Edwin Locke defines goal setting theory of motivation as the goal set by the organization to be directly proportional to performance. When the goals set are directly adhered to under proper management, the performance has to be positive by a great margin. In simple words, goals set enable the employer to give the appropriate directions to the employees. Employees on the other hand, are enticed to work extra hard to achieve the goals laid. The readiness to work towards attaining the set goals is the driving force in motivation. Goals set act as motivational factors to the employees and the employer; hence, they work in tandem to achieve them. High goals set are more motivating than easy, all-purpose and hazy goals because they are easily attained. Edwin and Gary, 2015, gives clarity that the goals set must be SMART; Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and can be achieved within a given Time-bound. Specific goals give best results and it is easier to measure and appreciate because it inspires one in achieving the set objectives.Nevertheless, the goal setting theory has its pros and cons. Some of the pro`s is that it provides a constructive way of evaluating workers performance and commitment. It also gives appropriate feedback on the progress made by the organization. Another advantage is point a clear ladder of coordination between the workers and gives proper channel of communication. In addition, it defines structured goals that help in the managers in realizing the objective of the organization. On the same plinth, the theory has it weakness. The conflict between the organizational skills may lead to disagreement between the stakeholders if the matter is not solved with care. The theory may not work well in institutions with low goals, where the goals are not well defined because the managers do aim higher. On the same not, it may demoralize the performance of the employees because they are not motivate to work extra hard. When the goals are not well defined and challenging, the employees work reluctantly because there is nothing to challenge them. There is no convincing evidence that goal setting theory satisfies the members. When the members are not satisfied with the job they do, there is high likelihood that they can run away from the job. Also, when the employer is not satisfied, there will be managerial problems which may eventually lead to the decline of the organization. Another point worth noting is that the theory does improve or provide room for the additional skills like competency to the employee. Proficiency is very pivotal for quality production to the organization. In this dictum, if the theory cannot provide that to the workers, then the goal setting theory can easily fail hence undermining the progress of the organization as far as performance is concerned. From the analysis made, it is eminent does not suit an organization that aims at attaining high performance work system. The theory records a lot of limitations than advantages, hence making it unsuitable for such a setup. In case the leader is one who is focused and goal oriented or he is one who aims at providing greater leeway for the organization and is after mobilizing what is to be done, then the theory is not appropriate. Goal setting is one of the most cognitive needs of any organization. A leader may or may not seek to have organizational goals, but provide for his self satisfaction, such a leader can best apply goals setting theory. When setting up the theories to use within an organization, one should be very speculative to use the theories that makes the organization prosper. Goals setting as an example of motivation to the employees, only appeals to someone who is irrefutable oriented. Because of this, one may be evoked to compare personality when choosing the theories to use. A non-interventionist may be more obsessed with this type of theory and may not lay out the goals that transform the organization. All in all, such details might involve professional and administrative aspects like recordkeeping, job hierarchies, evaluation of reports which a leader who uses goal setting theory might not be ready for. 3.2 Process of Management In this case, a case study is done to evaluate the management of performance system in Malaysian government linked company. The purpose of the study was to examine the industrialization of the performance management system. It looked at some of the changes brought about by the government linked company program. The findings state that the activities of the company brought some changes in the way the business was operating. The finding states that the active became a routine appraising to the performance of the employees. In this case the employees became decoupled from all the activities taking place within the organization. In this precept, it did not change the ways in which members were carrying out their duties since no new ideas were brought in. this process is realized to be time consuming and costly in away and it is subject to confrontation. For any change to be effected in any government linked organization, a strong set up of management must be stipulated lest most of the things go a mess. 3.3 Employees Skills and Training Needs The case study is carried out in from the Oil and Gas Industry in the UK. Fromm the study, workers need a lot for their satisfaction. Their skills need to be improved so that they give quality output. They also needs incentives whenever they do good, motivation makes them work aiming at achieving the set objectives. The company needs to organize for workshops and seminars to help improve in the skills of the employees since for them to produce quality products to merge the completive market. From the study, in as much as everyone in the industry may require training, it is realized that those having less experiences need to train more than any other worker. Training makes them work as opposed to before because there is acquisition of new skills. Also the management gets more clients since the level of production is increased and the quality of products also goes high. The specialists are involved in the training and by the end of the session; there is a lot of benefit inquired. An organization which aims at producing high performance work system must train her workers to and meet their needs. When the needs of the employees are met within appropriate time, they feel that they are catered for and respected. This makes them to work extra hard to achieve the set objectives. Training also increases the salary scale of the employees since additional experience is added to them.3.4 Crucial role of line Managers and HR in enabling and managing High Performance and ProductivityLine managers and Human Resource are very instrumental in ensuring that there is high performance in productivity. Partnership of lime managers and human resource is increasingly becoming common in most of the organization. HR department is entirely responsible for all human resource management activities, and a line manager shares the same responsibilities. Line manager have the power to influence the behavior of the employee to improve on the productivity. They play crucial role in coordinating the resources allocated in the organization for it to achieve the set goals and objective.A case study carried out in UK to show the relationship between the role of line managers and human resource point out that the line managers and human resource are interdependent. They both assist in sharing knowledge that improves the output of the organization. In this plinth, the lone manager is very premeditated in all the aspects of Human Resource manager. The ultimate goal of their interaction is towards bringing raising the performance of the company. The research shows that for an organization to be fit in the current future challenges that face them, the two has to partner. They ensure that poor and low performing employees are taken through training so that they merge the standards of the organization. They two in artnership, help in developing and reviewing policies that contribute to the positive growth of the organization. They foresee any problem that might affect the organization and prevent it in time without necessarily affecting the workers. They also plan for both long and short term goals and state how they should be achieved. In case a plan fails, they come together and find alternative means that can be substituted immediately so that the organization does not get into problems. They solve the problems that may arise among workers and ensures there is peaceful co existence among them. By doing so, they act as role models to the employees hence enabling them work in peace, love and unity. Therefore, the line managers and the human resource are very pivotal in ensuring that the organization achieves high performance work system. 4.0 Conclusions From the discussion, series of conclusions can be arrived at. First, in order to improve the performance of an organization, a lot should be put into considerations. There should be high performance from the employees. The human resource should ensure that appropriate approaches are put to meet the standards of the organization. Putting keen consideration on the welfare of the employees is very instrumental since it makes them work with motivation. From the discussion, the manager should apply appropriate theories that can bring good results to the development of the organization. Also, in order to attain good results, the employees who are undertrained should be taken through workshops and seminars to help in improving their experience. In so doing, the organization invests in them and quality of produce is realized. Lastly, line mangers and human resources managers are vey essential in the well being of an organization. Their presence makes the association firm because they help in laying out structures that improve the performance of the organization. How to cite The World of Business, Papers

Employee Motivation Intrinsic vs Extrinsic Approaches †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Employee Motivation Intrinsic vs Extrinsic Approaches. Answer: Introduction Motivation is one of the primary factors that help in understanding the organizational behavior, as it helps in providing better insight about the behavior of the employees and their actions in a certain manner. It also acts as a source of energy that helps the employees in performing in a better way so that they can increase their willingness to work within the organization. This also helps the organization in being more effective and competent in nature. The managers of the organization help in providing motivation by guiding the employees in the right direction so that they can complete the work within the stipulated time in an innovative and creative manner (Cerasoli, Nicklin and Ford 2014). Employees who receive constant motivation within the organization tend to be more ambitious and try to achieve the targets that are assigned to them by the company in an efficient manner. Performance of the employees and the motivation that they receive within the organization are interchange able, as it helps the employees to increase their willingness to work within the company. Motivation is one of the credible models that is present within the human resource, which helps in implying a better performance rate among the employees (Olafsen et al. 2015). Approaches to motivation There are mainly two broad classification of motivation, which is known as intrinsic and extrinsic type of motivation. These two types of motivation help in guiding the employees towards the right direction by allowing them to maintain their level of performance within the organization. One of the primary differences that can be pointed out is that the extrinsic type of motivation is derived from the external sources while the intrinsic type of motivation is based on the internal forces that are received by the individual within the company (Howard et al. 2016). The factors that are mostly driven by goals such as the benefits and rewards given to the employees are also a kind of extrinsic motivation that is provided to them (Menges et al. 2017). Intrinsic motivation on the other hand, is the satisfaction and the pleasure that the employees get when they are performing the particular task. On a general note, it can be seen that both these type of motivation helps in influencing the in tentions of the employees with respect to the behaviors and activities that they are carrying out within the organization (Dysvik and Kuvaas 2013). Intrinsic motivation This type of motivation can be defined as the satisfaction that is derived by the employees while performing the activity within the organization. It is the engagement of the employees in a particular activity that will help them in increasing their level of satisfaction so that they can be engaged within the work and carry it out in a better way. The motivation that the employees receive helps them in increasing certain behaviors within them so that they can help in creating a sense of positivism within the company so that it can help in increasing the knowledge of employees by mutually sharing the ideas with each other (Yousaf, Yang and Sanders 2015). It can be seen that some of the activities that are being carried out by the employees help them in being motivated in an intrinsic manner. It can be further stated that the intrinsic types of motivation is an effective way of providing motivation to the employees. This type of motivation is considered to be superior because it helps the employees in perceiving the outcome of the activity while doing it (Lee, Back and Chan 2015). Intrinsic motivation helps in connecting the employees with the particular activity that they are engaged in so that it can help in providing maximum satisfaction while performing the tasks. For instance, intrinsic motivation helps in fulfilling the needs of the employees while they are continuing with the task so that they can learn on a regular basis while the task is being performed (Sen et al. 2014). Intrinsic type of motivation helps in decreasing the cost of labor, as the managers do not spend too much of time in motivating the employees who are already motivated in an intrinsic manner. Thus, it provides the managers enough time to focus on the tasks so that it can be productive within the organization. This also helps the business in operating with a small number of managers, which will help in keeping a lean cost of labor and help in increasing g the rate of turnover. The employees who are motivated intrinsically will try to solve their own problems so that the assistance from the managers can be reduced (Benedetti et al. 2015). This motivation also helps in innovating new systems within the organization, as they will continuously strive to complete the task in an easier way so that they can develop their career and make it more valuable. It will also help in satisfying the accomplishment that they consider meaningful within the organization (Sen et al. 2014). The intrinsic type of motivation helps the employees in increasing their knowledge by providing them with better opportunities in training so that they can become experts in their field, which will help them in supervising the other employees as well. They are also responsible for providing inspiration to the younger employees so that they can feel motivated within the organization. These employees also help in shaping up the future of the company by becoming better leaders within the company. The employees also take pride in being recognized within the organization, as a top performer, which provides them the motivation to work hard and achieve the level. The sense of accomplishing the target helps the employees in feeling satisfied when they perform the task, which also results in improving their level of motivation (Yousaf, Yang and Sanders 2015). Extrinsic motivation This type of motivation helps sin carrying out the activity so that the employees can have a different outcome. The motivation that is extrinsic in nature is mainly autonomous and the completion of the activities by the employees will help them in being recognized within the organization with respect to the bonuses and promotions that they may be entitled to. The instruments that are external in nature may firstly include an external control along with the endorsements that are done related to the choices of the employees (Gerhart and Fang 2015). In the extrinsic type of motivation, it can also be seen that the behavior of the employees is the result of the benefits that may be anticipated by the employees. It can be further stated that extrinsic motivation can be considered in various ways, which will help in reflecting the control of the employees through an external manner (Chang et al. 2014). The primary goal of the employees who wants to be motivated through an extrinsic manner wants to achieve the benefits and the rewards that are provided by the organization by accomplishing the goals of the organization. These outcomes are the rewards that need to be distributed by the managers or the agents who arte externally hired by the organization for the extra effort that is put in by the employees so that it can help in achieving more than their desired targets (Taylor et al. 2014). This helps in stating that the rewards provided by the organization are helpful for the employees, as it will help them in show casing the particular behaviors that will be beneficial for the organization as well. Various researches have shown that the rewards that are extrinsic in nature helps in fulfilling the desires of the employees on a temporary manner. The control of the operations can be done in a better way with the employees who are extrinsically motivated, as they need to be monitored in a closer manner with respect to the performance that they put within the organization (Kanfer, Frese and Johnson 2017). The employees become competitive in nature, which provides the organization with an advantage, as they will try to break their past records so that they can increase their rate of incentives within the company. The concept of incentive will act as a motivation towards the employees for which they will try to achieve more than their desired targets. The employees who are guided with this kind of motivation needs to be provided with constant support so that they can be encouraged by the supervisors in performing in a better way (Brummelhuis and Trougakos 2014). The extrinsic type of rewards comes in different types and the preferred type is the financial rewards that provide motivation to the employees. The opportunity to earn extra in achieving more than the desired target will help the employees in involving themselves more within the organization. Apart from the financial reward, the factor of pressure that is received from the peers help in achieving the targets for the employees. When they see that their colleagues earn the recognition, they also feel motivated in working hard so that it can help them in earning the recognition as well (Judson, Vollpp and Detsky 2015). Recommendations Thus, it can be recommended that intrinsic type of motivation helps the employees in increasing their chances of being accredited with the work that they do within the organization. The continuous process of providing this motivation to the employees helps in the vertical or the horizontal development of them within the company such as the promotion that they may be entitled to after a certain time period. The intrinsic motivation will help the employees in putting the extra effort and energy within the company, which will serve later in their future to be secured within the organization. The intrinsic motivation of the employees allows them to gain the maximum level of satisfaction while continuing with the task. Extrinsic type of motivation helps the employees to benefit from monetary and other gains, which will help them to satisfy some of their desires. The monetary gains for the employees help them to perform better within the organization so that they can derive maximum financial gains from the organization. The employees have to be guided in a proper manner so that they can carry out the activities in a proper way at a faster rate. The mangers of the organization have to control and provide better guidance to these employees so that they can stay on the right track while carrying out their duties within the organization. The extrinsically motivated employees need to complete the activities that they have started so that it can help them in achieving their targets and work in an organized manner. They need to learn up the new systems in a faster manner so that the activities can be performed in a proper manner. The talents of the employees needs to be in a harmonized manner so that it can keep them motivated and the process of learning can be encouraged within the organization. The sharing of knowledge within the employees will help them in being efficient in the work process so that the activities can be done at a faster manner. The knowledge of the employees through the process of sharing will help the employees in gaining better insights regarding the activities so that they can understand the tasks easily. Conclusion Therefore, it can be concluded that both the type of motivation help the employees in working hard and achieving more than their target. While the extrinsic type of approach can be gained by the employees in a shorter span, it can be seen that the intrinsic rewards can be achieved in the long run. The employees who want to get promoted within the organization needs to follow the intrinsic approach so that they can help the other employees as well, which will make them as leaders within the organization. The extrinsic approach that is followed by the employees helps them to earn monetary benefits and recognition within the organization, which helps them to stand out among the other employees within the company. The extrinsic approach helps the employees in increasing their level of interests within the company, as they try to achieve a higher level of production. References Benedetti, A.A., Diefendorff, J.M., Gabriel, A.S. and Chandler, M.M., 2015. The effects of intrinsic and extrinsic sources of motivation on well-being depend on time of day: The moderating effects of workday accumulation.Journal of Vocational Behavior,88, pp.38-46. Brummelhuis, L.L. and Trougakos, J.P., 2014. The recovery potential of intrinsically versus extrinsically motivated off?job activities.Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology,87(1), pp.177-199. Cerasoli, C.P., Nicklin, J.M. and Ford, M.T., 2014. Intrinsic motivation and extrinsic incentives jointly predict performance: A 40-year meta-analysis.Psychological bulletin,140(4), p.980. Chang, S., Jia, L., Takeuchi, R. and Cai, Y., 2014. Do high-commitment work systems affect creativity? A multilevel combinational approach to employee creativity.Journal of Applied Psychology,99(4), p.665. da Motta Veiga, S.P. and Gabriel, A.S., 2016. The role of self-determined motivation in job search: A dynamic approach.Journal of Applied Psychology,101(3), p.350. Dysvik, A. and Kuvaas, B., 2013. Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation as predictors of work effort: The moderating role of achievement goals.British Journal of Social Psychology,52(3), pp.412-430. Gerhart, B. and Fang, M., 2015. Pay, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, performance, and creativity in the workplace: Revisiting long-held beliefs.Annu. Rev. Organ. Psychol. Organ. Behav.,2(1), pp.489-521. Howard, J., Gagne, M., Morin, A.J. and Van den Broeck, A., 2016. Motivation profiles at work: A self-determination theory approach.Journal of Vocational Behavior,95, pp.74-89. Judson, T.J., Volpp, K.G. and Detsky, A.S., 2015. Harnessing the right combination of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation to change physician behavior.Jama,314(21), pp.2233-2234. Kanfer, R., Frese, M. and Johnson, R.E., 2017. Motivation related to work: A century of progress.Journal of Applied Psychology,102(3), p.338. Lee, J.S., Back, K.J. and Chan, E.S., 2015. Quality of work life and job satisfaction among frontline hotel employees: A self-determination and need satisfaction theory approach.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,27(5), pp.768-789. Menges, J.I., Tussing, D.V., Wihler, A. and Grant, A.M., 2017. When job performance is all relative: how family motivation energizes effort and compensates for intrinsic motivation.Academy of Management Journal,60(2), pp.695-719. Olafsen, A.H., Halvari, H., Forest, J. and Deci, E.L., 2015. Show them the money? The role of pay, managerial need support, and justice in a self?determination theory model of intrinsic work motivation.Scandinavian journal of psychology,56(4), pp.447-457. Sen, A.P., Huffman, D., Loewenstein, G., Asch, D.A., Kullgren, J.T. and Volpp, K.G., 2014, June. Do financial incentives reduce intrinsic motivation for weight loss? Evidence from two tests of crowding out. In5th Biennial Conference of the American Society of Health Economics (ASHEcon 2014)(pp. 23-25). Taylor, G., Jungert, T., Mageau, G.A., Schattke, K., Dedic, H., Rosenfield, S. and Koestner, R., 2014. A self-determination theory approach to predicting school achievement over time: The unique role of intrinsic motivation.Contemporary Educational Psychology,39(4), pp.342-358. Yousaf, A., Yang, H. and Sanders, K., 2015. Effects of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on task and contextual performance of Pakistani professionals: the mediating role of commitment foci.Journal of Managerial Psychology,30(2), pp.133-150.

Visual Arts Persuasive Essay Example For Students

Visual Arts Persuasive Essay The visual arts are those creations we can look at, such as a drawing or a painting. Here is a partial list: 0 drawing painting Z] sculpture SIC architecture photography SIC film Zeal printmaking And the decorative arts Of ceramics furniture and interior design Z] jewelry making metal crafting Z] wood working Any one of these disciplines is a type of visual art. This is the simple explanation, You can stop reading right here, confident that you know what the visual arts are. Or you can keep reading and get a bit of background on that often-abused phrase The Arts. The Arts, as a term, has an interesting history. During the Middle Ages, The Arts were very scholarly, limited to seven in number and did not involve creating anything at which people looked. They were: grammar rhetoric dialectic logic arithmetic geometry astronomy music TO further confuse matters, these seven Arts were known as the Pine Arts, in order to distinguish them from the Useful Arts. Why? Only fine people those Who didnt do manual labor studied them. (Presumably, the Useful Arts people were too busy being useful to have need of an education. At some point n the ensuing centuries, people realized there was a difference between a science and an art. The phrase Fine Arts came to mean anything that had been created to please the senses. After losing the sciences, the list now included music, dance, opera and literature, as well as what we normally think of as art: painting, sculpture, architecture and the decorative arts. (By the way, I have no idea whatever happened to the Us eful Arts, but can only hope that phrase was beaten to death by manual laborers who were annoyed by the fine snub. ) That list of Fine Arts got a little long, didnt it? Apparently others thought so, too, because during the 20th-century we started to split the Fine Arts up into Visual Arts (painting, sculpture, etc. ), Auditory Arts (music, drama, spoken literature) and Performance Arts (which can be either visual, auditory or a combination of the two but are performed). Now, I really should stop here, but feel compelled to make one more observation. Within the world of the visual arts, people still make distinctions between Pine art and everything else and it gets really confusing, at times. For instance, well talk about painting and sculpture, ND automatically classify these as Pine Arts. The decorative arts, Which are, sometimes, of a finer nature and craftsmanship than Fine arts, are not called Fine. Additionally, visual artists sometimes refer to themselves (or are referred to, by others) as fine artists, as opposed to commercial artists. But! Some commercial art is really wonderful Fine, I would say. And, since an artist needs to sell art in order to remain a working artist (unless his or her grandfather invented, say, Evolve, and he or she exists off a trust fund or two), a strong argument could be made that most art is commercial. See? This is exactly the kind of silly wording that puts people off Art. ) It would really simplify matters if we could all just stick with visual, auditory, performance or literary when we speak of The Arts and eliminate Fine altogether. Substitute instead the words good and bad , with the huge understanding that billion people are going to have 6. 3 billion different opinions on that which constitutes each.